A problem which beset early telephone engineers was that as the length of their lines increased, so did the distortion of whatever signal they wanted to transmit. This was corrected once they had ...

Current loop converters receive signal inputs from devices such as sensors and produce analog outputs in the milliamp (mA) range. Typically, these outputs are standard current loops with ranges of 0 ...

A serial transmission method that uses a closed loop. It originated with teletype machines that transmitted 20 mA (milliamperes) of current for a 1 bit and the absence of current for a 0 bit. A 60 mA ...

Loop powered devices are electronic devices that can be connected in a transmitter loop, normally a current loop, without the need to have a separate or independent power source. These devices are ...

This application note’s primary goal is to provide an easy-to-understand primer for users who are not familiar with 4-20mA current-loops and their applications. Some of the many topics discussed ...

Here’s a question for you: when your PCB has a ground plane layer, where do return signals flow? It seems like a trick question, but as [Kristof Mulier] explains, there’s more to return path routing ...