(a) The various types of neurons in the spinal cord are distributed according to their anatomical locations. (b) The rostral–caudal (RC) axis of the spinal cord is established by gradients of RA, FGF8 ...

Chiropractic Founder’s Day, celebrated annually on September 18th, commemorates the birth of chiropractic care and honors its founder, Daniel David Palmer. The observance provides an opportunity for ...

Purpose: To describe the anatomical aspects of the cervical rootlets and to quantify the number of rootlets that compose C1 to T1. Methods: Twenty male rats were used in this study. The dorsal ...

Low back pain is an incredibly common problem. Although we recommend patients initially try non-operative pain management techniques, those with persistent pain may benefit from spinal surgery. In ...

Summary: The spinal cord possesses its own learning and memory capabilities, challenging the long-held view of it as merely a message relay between the brain and body. Through innovative experiments, ...

Block vertebrae is when two or more vertebrae are fused. It’s present from birth and can cause pain and reduced range of motion. Treatment may include medications, physical therapy, or surgery. Your ...

To describe the location of the dorsal root ganglion in relation to the intervertebral disc, including the "triangular" safety zone for minimally invasive surgery in the lumbar spine. METHODS: Eight ...

People try many treatments for back pain, from physical therapy and medications to acupuncture and massage. In some cases, though, pain is incapacitating, and more aggressive treatment is needed.

Long-term delayed reconstruction of injured peripheral nerves always results in poor recovery. One important reason is retrograde cell death among injured sensory neurons of dorsal root ganglia (DRG).